Change speed gearing



Jan. 1, 1935. A. c. CLAYTON CHANGE SPEED GEARING Filed Jan. 20, 1954 6 Sheets-Sheet l Jan. 1, 1935. A c CLAYTON I 1,986,045

CHANGE SPEED GEARING Filed Jan. 20, 1934 SheetsSheet 2 Ha. Z.

A TTU/FA/Ey A. c. CLAYTON 1,986,045

CHANGE SPE'ED GEARING Jan. 1, 1935.

Filed Jan. 20, 1954 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 wm'A/Tok -19. C. 0/05 5017 ATTORNEY 7 Jam 1935. A. c. CLAYTON 1,986,045

CHANGE SPEED GEARING Filed Jan. 20, 1954 e Sheets-Sheet 4 F/0./4.' Fla/5. FIG/6:

Jail- A. c. CLAYTON 1 ,986,045 CHANGE SPEED GEARING Filed Jan. 20. 1934 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 ATTORNEY Jan. 1, 1935. A. c. CLAYTON 1,986,045

CHANGE SPEED GEARING Filed Jan. 20. 1954 e SheetsSheet e fizz/8. HQ A9. /5 f7a20.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Jan; 1, 1935 1.

t Aliplieatlon Januery 20; 1934, sria fiblafigts a q A. V 1n Greet Britain ltlay 3 l-933 I 1: citing (clique-14 The invention relates to change speed; g eet-t ing for use on motor; propelled vehicle's and for other purposes. t. s r

' A'change speed .gear "according to the invention eomprises an inputpsunw'heelpan output sunwheel and a layshif-ti'in' geared connection Withs'aid sunwheels,i'-a mm carrier in which said laysheftis journalled, one or more toothed wheels; preferably annular wheels, 'lngeared vconmotion with said layshaft; and means for seleet'ivelyarresting? ami'freeing said rotary carrier and said toothed wheel or wheels, for the purpose of efieeting speed changes between 'sa'id sunwheelsfl" The sunwheelsimay be ioi'r'ned int'egrally with input and output shafts respect tively, or be keyed, splined or otherwise fixed thereto: I v I {The ca rier may beprovided with ablumlity of sirnilair layshafts which may be equallyspeced around the sunyvheelsi'onthe ofdb'altiming the carrier when it is ietating endsuch a form 'is hereinafter described; The carrier may be providedwithone or more idle intermediate jzainiolfis, each meshing with a able-axially so'thatit may be-disengagedui 'om its corresponding pinion on the laysheft and be brought into engagement with anfidle 'fpinion to effect the reversel of the-output'shait relattively to the input shaft.- If desiredpchanges in the speed ratios of the t'wo sheits canbe effected under these Conditions by selectively arsesting and freeing the earlier-end annular wheel or wheels f3! A direct drive from the input to theoutput shaft cam be -eifeeted by freeing the terrier arid the annular wheel or Wheels and by movf ing the output sunwheel exiailyyso that it'also 40 engages with a pinion 'bnthe layshaft'us 'well as with anidl'e pinion, whereby'the three shafts and-their engaging gears "rotate en bloom" In' order'to facilitate g ea'r'ehanging', a clutch is preferably brot'ided between the input shaft and "the rotary carrier, "this clutch being en gaged when the :en'ginelciutch' is disengaged, to

permitoi' thechanges being .eflectedfand is disengaged when the engine clutch is engaged and the input shaft is driven; V :rrI g The vrotenv carrier and the annular or: other toothed wheel or wheels are .held'againstrotetion, when required, by suitable means,i.for example, by pawls engaging with ratchet teeth on theperipheriesmi thesemtarymembers.

, A selecting devieeficmtrolled by driver,

pinion'on the lays'haft-and withan annular wheel, 'and'the output-sunwheeLmay'be mow may be vprovidetl-to /detennine 'wmchlif anyibf the rotary: membei's': is. to arrested,

whethei' vtheoutputilsunwheelfi'is to be: moved: axially; and i may" -be "connected tofthe actual :pawi end sunwheel shitting mechanism 5' that" the den only ibeoperated when the enginea elutchtisxdisengagediJ": -Ihi;thetaccompeinyin'gxdrawings.zi 1

A 'aTside seetionalaeievatidn of one form of change speed gear "according to: the "in"; 10'

vention; Fa. eoriventionflrengme clutch" and' its operating mechanismbeingiilustrated somewhat diggram ma ticazllyitfi V 1' Figure-*2 is aaiplaLn- Figure '1', the coverfplzitefot new: box'vbeing' removed; 1-5 art 5015 me boxi 'being'. inseetionemi petts of the: selecting being omitted for sakeoi cleai'nessq fi 2 1 3-:is a front :elewetinn ot gearbox; j jFigur'es :are','-i.="respe6tive1y,' sectiohai views on the lines v -w Figure 1; showing only. some of 'sthe g'ear 'wheels, other gear wheels, .iwhich mightf betpai'tiyt in such aiviembeing dmitted tor fihesarke of eleert one: 358M)? arresting p'awls for one rotary'mem ber' and the idj'a'cent :contfoliing discs end cam. Figurei"! Lis'a side' sectionafelevatio'n showing the eontrollingf'dises e iidl-cemton the arresting pawls'r andipart'bf the meehim mji r mevmgth 3,0

, output suhwheel axialli; 1i

"Figure S is e side eivetion of the controllin discs and cam'for' thehrrestingmwlsg Figure 9- is a front sectional elevation of. the meehahism Tior" moving the output sunwheel axiellm 1 10 being s} side elevation of-jedetent device Iorthis H Figure 1'1'is a, sideseetiohel-eleyetidnhf pert of whe mechanism mt shiitlng the output sun wheel, T i r '1' Figure '12 being eplen {View eoi'resfiondin thereto, *except' that soihe'deteils'r'h b n omitted. n CF'igureSH and pie,- respectivelmie side and front 'eievatibnot errestingbewl Figures 15- another'arrestini bewiw A *f i ni e-171st: pl'e'n -of mean ers' seleeting 'leverlalnd' diali l; l

'ligures mywizo zl' andLZZe 11a renirn aitic" 'Side stlOnfil elvatib'hs; respti vely Showing the :gejar wheels in thepoSItionstIie foecupy'tor 1 the following conditions of drive! arse-reward, same forwards-wire iwwianrci direefibrward, 5

and reverse, only the minimum number of wheels being indicated, others, which might be seen,

being omitted for the sake of clearness.

These diagrammatic figures may be considered as developed diagrams, the idle intermediate,

rality of layshafts and idle pinions are employed;-

Figure 23 is a side sectional elevation of part of an alternative form of the change speed gear according to the invention, wherein.the-xoutput -r sunwheel is not moved axially and with which only one speed in reverse isavailable.

In the form of change speed gear illustrated by Figures 1 to 22, 1 is an input shaft,- 2;.an1out-"1 put shaft and 3 a layshaft.

.The input shaft has a sunwheel 4 andsthe out putshaft hasavsunwheelwia. The sunwheels 4 audit: are eitheriformed integrally withtheir shafts orv k'eyedwor otherwise fixed to them.%' v

The layshaft'3 is mounteduto: rotate about its own .axis" in a' carrier *6 which can. rotate on roller bearings 7 and:8;on,=the,input shaft 1 and output shaft 2,:respectively." v The lay. shaft 3 has three'spinions fixed on or. formed integrallywith it; 'two" of these-minions 9 and,10'mesh, respectively, with the sunwheels 4 ands5. Assuming that the carrier 6 were held stationary, the input shaft 1 would be ingeared connection withthe outputifshaft ,2; through ;the.i.tr'ain of gears. 4, 9, 10and. 5, as in' anordinaryclay'shaft-drive. olni the example-shown in Figures Into '22, the carrier, 6 has three similar :layshafts 3. It also has three intermediate or idle pinions 11,'the

spindl'es;12;of which are'm'ounted to rotate freely in the carrier. .Each; intermediateidle pinion 11 meshes with akpinioni13 which is integral with ortfixed'on 'a lay:shaftl3.

4 a 1 An .annularwheel i meshes with-the pinions 10 and another xannularrrwheeli 15 meshes with the intermediate idle. pinionsll. The carrier 6 andthe annulanwheels 14,-and '15 are adaptedvto be arrested and freed selectively, that issto' say, anyone may be. selected to be 'arrested and the others to be, freed, soas to effect changes in the speedy-ratio between, the input and output shafts; In the example now under' consideration,:three speed changes can be effected by .the selective arrest of anyone, of the rotary? members 6, 14 and 15 1 Y e A direct, wardrdrive is -,efiected byvjshifting the sunwheel 5 into mesh with the intermediate idle pinions 1;1 and w-ith;thegpinions 13 and freeing all of the rotary members 6,14 and 15, so that the gear-rotates en bloc, l4 reverse drive iseffectedr by-moving the'sunwheel 5 axially into mesh with the intermediate idlepinions 11 only, andby selectively arresting oneof ,the r otary members 6,- 14 and 15 according to the speed required.

These various changes which are indicated by the diagrammatic Figures 18; 19, 20, 21,-and-.'22, are only referred to heregbriefiy, in order that the following description -of. the meansmilluse trated for selectivel arresting; and freeingl'the rotary members 6, 14 and 15 and for moving the sunwheel I 5::ax-ially; can, be more easily appreciated: Th illbe: referred to later withreference more particularly :to; the diagrammatic Figures 18,-tp,22.--'- i J .1 The c arri er 6 is-shown mounted freely inhall bearings 16, 17, in a fixed casing 18 which has a removable cover 19.

The carrier 6 and the annular wheels 14 and 15 conveniently have peripheries of equal diameter, each periphery being formed with two sets of ratchet teeth of opposite hand, that is, the carrier 6 has two ratchet teeth 20, 20, Figure 3, for use on arresting the carrier 6 against a clockwise rotation (as viewed in: Figures 3 and 5) and two ratchet'teeth.21,.21 for-use against an anti-clockwise rotation, assuming that the direction of rotation of the engine shaft is clockwise. 7, p

"For similar purposes, the annular wheel 14 has two setsgof-ratchet teeth 22, 22 and 23, 23,

forward pawls, are provided for respect y engaging with teeth 20, 22 and 24, and three pawls 29, .30 and :31, hereinafter termed reverse pawlsfljfor'respectively engaging with teeth 21, 23 and 25. i

- Thesepawls are freely mounted in pairs on a shaft--30,which is'supported inbearings 31 and 32' on the fixed casing-18. 1 v 1 r a The pairs. of pawls for the; rotary members 6, 14 and '15 are all of similar:construction, so that the description of one'pairv with particular reference to Figures 13 to 16 will'sufiice for them 'all'.: These figures showthe -pair 'of pawls 26 and:29- forzcontrolling the, carrier 6. The forward pawl 26 has a. lug 33 for one end of a spring 34, Figures 3 and 6, and an-extension 35, which hasa-crosspiece 'or-head'36, which has a tooth 37;."W'" V The extension 35 is narrower than the pawl 26andi isinserted inaslot 38' in the reverse pawl:-29; -'and,-,- in an-extension 40 of the latter pawL'a b10ck39 is inserted inthe slot 38 and rivetedto-the extension 40. The block has a tooth 41. It also-has a-set screw 42 for securing the adjacent end of -the;spr ing 34. The spring 34 tends to close the pair. ofpawlslike a pair of pincers, that, is; it-yieldingly forces the pawls '26, 2,9 1 towards j the periphery of the carrier 6. The pawlsare. lifted out ,of engagement with the ratchet teethofthe-carrier'fi by'cams 43 and 44, respectively engagingwith the head'36 and extension =40m These cams ,are formed on a a slotted sleeve 45 which is-secured at its ends to discs:46 and 47, which are free to'be oscillated on ashaft 48; Inthe positions of the sleeve 45 and pawls-26,129, shown in-Figure 6, the teeth 37, 41 are held just clear of the periphery of a disc149, which is fixed'to the shaft 48 and has twoslots 50 and 51 for -the reception, respectively, of the teeth 3? and 41, when theshaft 48 and, therefore, vthe. disc 49 .is oscillated appropriately to bring either slot 50 or 51-opposite to its corresponding tooth 37 01 41. ,When the sleeve 45 is subsequently returned to normal position,'the corresponding pawl will be :rocked by-the spring 34 into .a'zposition-to engagewith the corresponding ratchet teeth on the rotary member or carrier 36- and so arrest said carrieragainst rotation'. ---In,. the meantime, the tooth of the fellow pawlzwill have'rested on the plain part of the periphery of the disc. a l 5 1 i It=is,.to be understood that there are two cams member; 1; ma menu one pawl at 'iiny m be mveam gaging apositionareiativeryi toits corresponding rotarycmemberpwhich the'zrotaryfmember selected' forf arr'est, thei others being' iree taten rarr-apertured plateifld, as shown in Figures 1'1,-.9

andill-rx Audistancepiece 76 overone rivet 77, as well as/the stop 74; ;holds the two :plates" 73 and 75 inispacemrelati-on. 1 The thicker plate a :73 is fixedbya pin78 1301a shaft 59, whiehis mounted in the fixedacasingi 18. shaft issoscillated eachntime that-the engine clutch is en gagedaand disengaged. Y n i i For this purposew-gtheengine clutch pedal 64 is, connected by, a link:.rod :66 to alever 67, Figures ;.1,-;2'-and 9,;whichis fixed to the outer end ofgthe shaft :59;

The engine clutch may be of any suitable type and,gfcr l convenience of illustration, 1 is conventionally indicated,. ,in Figuresl and 2-,-as a cone clutch 60 being the clutch member fixed on the engineshaftfil, and 362 being the axially :movable clutchmember-having-a collar 631-splined on the input shaft 1 and slidable, thereon forfdis: engagementof the clutch by afork68; which-1s fixed to arock shaft 65.; The-fork is. oscillated by thepedal 64, alscfixed to therockshaft-GS, the member. 62 being returnedqfor engagement with themember 60 by aspring which, is not shown, as this and othergusual details of this typeof clutchrarewell known in the art: h;

,{1he clutch 64 1also oscillatesa-fork 69 which is fixed to the, rock shaft 65. The fork 69 embraces a collar 70, which issplined tothe input shaft, and has teethor; dogs 71 forsliding engagement with similar teeth 72 on the adjacent end ofthe carrier 6,.this device thus forming a however, so to arrange these parts that "every slight disengagement of the engine clutch, just suificient to permitof slip, will notengage the dog1 clutch teeth '71, 72, so that the "driver may release" the engine; clutch slightly; if desired; at

times when he does not to change'gear; $hould; he wish to change geanin depressing the I pedal 64 to rock the-shaft59;sufliciently, he will engage the dog clutch teeth 71, 72. Y will lock the'carrier 6 to-the-input shaft 1:" JI'he number of thedog, teeth 71 'or721'is a factor ,of

y the number of teethpf the toothed wheels 4, 5,-9,

"output shaft 2; whichis axially slidable in the a roller bearings B' and in th'e iadjacent end of a sleeve-81, which is: connected to theg'propeller shaftin the manner well known intheartpthe outer end of the output shaft2 being splined in the'sleevefilr The output sunwheel 5 thus moves axially with? the'hro'utput shaft 2". :Theiork 79 isznot fixed to the shaft 59 m: has a boss82; Figure 9; whichisd'ree' to: oscillate on the shaft 59, but is-fixed byua 83rtoia stub.shaft 84 jeurnalledinv the" fixed'easing .18. The fork '79 isuoscillated' by a cranks-85 havinga crank pin 86 entering :athole, in the adjacent partuofrfthe fork 79 The crank: 85' has a boss'861, Figures '8; 9.;ami llg'freely mounted: on the shaft 59/.and

.ffreelyii-through; the apertured .pl'ate F15; hereinbeforereferredto. Y a

A ratchet '87 is'fixedto the boss 86. .2 v i it It ,has' three' teeth orsteps 88, 89-and' 90, ar-' ranged atnsiiceessively increasing radial distances 91, Figures 7 and 11, is fixed to a 'pin' 92'which is mounted to oscillatein the plates ."73 and '75 and has a.. 1ever:93, Figure 1, 'fixed'sto 7 ita The pawl 91 has a; tooth '97; for co operation with a cam 98, whichiis fixed-on theshaft 48, which sets the :slottedrdiscs '49 hereinbefore referred to; 1

A springp'Qtlis attached at oneend to the lever 93'(Figures 1 and 2), and at the other to the fixedeasing 118; r The level" 93 has a teeth 1 95*for co-operation with a projection 96 on theadjaoent part' of the fixed.:ca'sing;.18. vf The cam'98, above'referred to, 'hasthree cam surfaces 99', looand': 101; Figure 9,'for co-operation with a pawl 102,1 which i's fixedto a shaft 103,which'is journalled in theifixed casing 18 The cam surface .99 andfotherzcm surfacesv104 and 105 on'the cam98ico-operate withtheetooth 97or'rthe pawl91. a a Jfl 1 One function 'of' the cam 98 iszto set the pawl 91 selectively to engage with one of the ratchet teeth on'steps 88, '89'and 90 and, being fixed the" shaft 48, is" oscillated by the driver's selecting handle simultaneously with the settingoftheuslotteddiscs 49.0 2.- 7' Another function otthe ream- 98 is to operate a? detent for preventing 1'01 permitting rearward axial .movement; of..,the output shaft 2 without interfering. with; forward sliding movement of said 'shaitgwhenb required; ""This detent: is indicated in Figures 2 and. 10 as a. .pawl. 106 fixed to the 'shaft;103'and cove-operating with a ratchet 107 (Figures 9 amt 10% which; is fixed to.:the

fork 79.

The tenements; teeth 1'08, 109 andi110r cotresponding to theathree positions which are occupiedtby ythe outputrsunwheel 5 when set for forward driving" with first,- second and third gear, reverse 1 driving and :direct' forward driving, e espective'lyip- 441;. T fl? g; 'Iihecoperationof the ,detent pawl; 106; namely, the raising, and:-lowe ring, of: the .detent pawl 106 to releaseand to engagewith; the ratchet; teeth 108,109 and; 110; is-effected 'by the cam 99,100 and 101 of-the cam 98.

' f Geri'eral-ope'ratioii Asslin iihg thatthe vehicle on, which the gear is fitted has j been running" in .,fi1'-st, second, or third forward speed and that thefd'river wishes to change'into"one of the other'ofjtheselthree forward speeds, he first depresses the engine clutch pedal 64 to disengage theengine'clutch 60, 62; and engage" the teeth 70, 7 1 ofthedog clutch, therebyflocking the input-shaft l ta we carried 6, and; through the medium of theiinlr rouse and lever 6'7, to rock-the shaft 59', 'so that the slotted ,cam plate 5611s rocked and through the pin 58 and cam slot S'Tpartly-rotates the cam sleeve 45 whichby'. its camsen'sures thatall the arresting pawls zero 31fare serminoperative.

surfaces positions and that; the -carrier: 6' and:- annular wheels 14 and 15"are free.2 :As'fthe output :sunwheel "5. has been: in mesh' with-ethezpinions; 10 and, therefore, in its rearmost. position (as in:- dicated in Figure 1)., the (dog 74:will. not engage with :the ratchet 87Z'and1no movement. of 1 the fork and thereby'n'oaaxial movement of thezoutput'shaft 2 andoutput sunpinion' 5will"occur- The driver then movesthe selecting lever:46 to the gear: required, thereby, through the medium of the shafts 48 and 531, rotatingtheslotted discs 49 until the appropriate disc (for the rotary member 6, 14' or 15 which is. to be arrested) is set-with its slot 50 .,opposite-,tothe. tooth- 3'7 of the arresting pawl required for the arrest'of the required rotary member; l

i The driver then releases the pedal to'allow the engine. clutch to engage and the dogclutch'teeth 70 71 to disengage. At the same time-the shaft 59 .is-again rocked and, through-the slotted cam plate 56, again partly rotatesthe cam sleevez45 to release the arresting pawls. Only: the pawl whose tooth 37 can fall into the slot50 of the selected disc 49,.can," however, move into-opera.- tive position toengage with the. ratchet teeth 20-, 22 or 24 on the appropriate rotary member-6,114, or 15, which is therebyarrested. The teeth'37 and 41- of the other. arresting pawls merely rest against the: plain peripheries of. the discs so that they are-held in their inoperative positions. In Figures 1-8, 19and.20-, the rotary, members, which are arrested to effect, respectively,.jfirst, second and third speeds, are diagrammatically shown provided with a (corresponding forward arresting pawl 27, 26 ;and 28'.- 1

- Assuming that the; driver .wishesto a change from one of these forwardspeeds toa. direct forward drive, indicated by Figure 21, he; again declutches the engine :clutch,:sets .theJselectin'g lever 46 to .an appropriate: position (4). on the dial 53 and -.again-zengages the engine clutch.

, In this case, all thearrestingpawls are held: in-

camxsurface 101-to lift the pawl 102 and, there'- fore, to raise the detent pawl 106 to a level at which it is ready to engage with the'step 1'10 of the ratchet 107. At the-same time, the cam =surface of thecam 98 engages with, the lug 97 on thepawl 91, so that this pawl is setforengagement with the step 90' of the-ratchet 87.

When the driver lets the engine clutch again engage, the consequent rotation of the shaft 59 first carries the pawl 91 into engagement 'with the step 90ofthe ratchet 8'7 and'then thereby rocks the ratchet87 to'rock' thefork"79; to its fullest extent to move the output 'shaft2 axially sufficiently to bring the output sunwheel 5 into mesh with the intermediate idle pinions 11 and the' pinion s'lii on the layshafts 3 (Figure 21), whereupon all 'theflgear wheels rotate 'en bloc; j Assuming' that the driver when in. first,.se'c.- ond'or third speeds had wished tochange to reverse instead of to direct drive an above described," a similar action would have. occurred, except that the movement of the selectinglever 46'would only'result in the setting of the pawl 91 to-engage with the step.89 ofthe ratchet 87, so that on the rec-engagement of the-engine clutch, the output "sunwheel is moved axially only into engagement with theintermediate idle pinions 511', as, indicated in Figure 22'. It will be mamas noticed" that the dial 53 is provided with three reverse speed indications 1R, 2R, 3R.-

, Accordingly as the selecting lever 46 is moved to-these indications, so will one of the reverse arrestingzpawls' 30, 29-or 31 be. selectively set by f its appropriate slotted disc 49 for operation to arrest. the correspondingxrotary member 15, 6 M14. :*By these 'meansthree speeds in reverse are::obtainable.;.i

* Whenever a change is efiectedfrom reverse or from direct forward drive, the output sunwheel 5 is-returned, on the disengagement of the engine clutch, to its normal position in mesh with thepinions 10 by reason of the dog 74 engag-.

ingwith and moving the ratchet 8'7. ;Shou1d it be desired to' set the change speed gear to a neutral condition, the driver's selecting lever 46 is moved to' the'position marked N on the dial.53..' In this position-of the lever 46, the discs "49 are rotated-to a position inwhich plain portions'ofltheir peripheriesare opposite to all the" teeth 37 and'41, so that none of the pawls 26and :29. can engage with the respective rotary member 6, 14 or 15. As the output sunwheel 5 is maintained in its rearmost position in mesh with thexpinions 10,-and all the rotary members 6, 14 and 15 are free to rotate, no driving effort will be transmitted from the input shaft 1 to the output shaft 2; I

In the i example hereinbefore' described, the speed ratios between the input and output shafts for the first; second and third speedsare respectively 4:1, 2:1, 4:3, the input sunwheel 4 and the. pinions 9 each having 24 teeth, the pinions' 10, 11 and. 13 each having 18 teeth, and the output sunwheels having 30 teeth. In constructing a change speed gear such as above described-but with which only one speed inreversef is required, it is preferred to dispense with the necessityifor moving the'output sun Wheel axially either for effecting a direct forward drive or reverse, and this is possible accordingto the modification illustrated by Figure 23-.

In this figure; only those parts which are necessary to'its understanding are shown, all the other parts required being similar to those adoptedin' the form of change speed gear hereinbefore described. e r

. Inthe modification, means are provided for locking the rotary carrier for the layshafts to the output shaft for direct forward drive, and fortlockin'g the carrier to the propeller shaft and for disconnecting the output shaft from the propeller shaft for reverse drive, the carrier in these latter circumstances transmitting the drive tothe propeller shaft. -In lF'igure- 23, the parts which correspond to partsin the previously described construction are indicatedby-similar reference numerals to those adopted in'the previous figures of the drawings. -In Figure 23, the carrier 6 has a sleeve 110, provided with dog clutch teeth 111. The sleeve 110 can'rotate freely on another sleeve 112, whichis keyed to=the output shaft 2 and has a similar set of dog clutch teeth 113.

A collar 114 has a sleeve 115 which is free to rotate'on roller'bearings 116 on the output shaft 2, but is splined to the sleeve 81 which is connected to the propeller shaft in the usual manher; The collar 114 has a set of dog clutch teeth 117 which are long enough to engage with both sets of-clutch teeth 111 and 113 simultaneously.

The collar 114 isadapted to slide axially and is operated by a'fork '79, which is the equivalent (tithe fol-1:19 shown in theidrawin'gsyillustrating the; examplerfirst describedfand is: similarly operaated,'x except that instead of shifting the output sunwheel 5, itlmerely shifts the' eollar ll lm filhm (1121 653, figure'lr'liiuis appropriately graduated to ensure setting of the selecting flever: 46 to-such positions:onthe dial thatzthe collar: lldisimoved to bring its:teeth .112 intoren'gage -i, ment only with. the set-of teeth unevenl -mm the'set. of teeth Ila-or with-both-ofthesesets ot teeth simultaneously, In this modifiedconstruetion the three rotary members 15 6 a.hd l4"ar'e respectively arrested as .inthe previousrexample; to give first, second and thirdliorwardi speeds; unider, whichconditions, the co11ar=l14 is iii-the: po-' sition' shown in Figure: 2'3; that is, with its clutch teeth 11:7 in' engagementwith =the c'1utch .teeth- 113 only, so thatathe drive is transmitted -from: the output sha'ft z tmough the sleevef-tl and theicollar 1-14 to the sIeeve'ilILw' W: '=-When aidireet drive'is required; thefthreerro-i tary members 6, 14 and 15 :are freed, "as, in the previous example, and the collar 114 is moved axially to bring-ritsteeth II? intmengagement' with'both sets of teeth 111: and 113,: so that theoutput shaft 2 is locked to the carrier and the whole gear rotates-enblocL 'f When a reverse drive isrequired thevcollarf 114 is moved axially sufliciently to -bringthe-I teethll'? into engagement only withthe teeth: 111 on the sleeve 110- of thecarrier 6. "'-The an nular wheel 15- is arrested by its appropriate re verse arresting pawL 'so that when the input: shaft is rotated by "the" engine-clutch; the carrier t 6 is rotated in a reverse direction to that of th'e" input shaft 1, and the 'drive is transmitted' from the carrier sleeve I10 and' the collar lll tojth'e sleeve $1, which -is"connected to the: propeller shaft. 7 V Y Y L 1? In this modification, a friction clutch 189119; is substituted for'the dog clutch' teeth 71;" 72:of the form of gearfirst-her'einbefore described, a 1" l i ,e 1 *.A' change speedgear comprising an inputshaft, an output shaft and a layshaft, a.-si11-r-- wheelflxed on the input shaft ia sunwheel fixed on the output shaft and a plurality of pinions fixed onthe layshaft, each of said- -'suhwheels meshing with one of said pinions n theflay-" shaft, a rotary carrier which i saidlayshaft is journall'ed, an' intermediateidlewheel -'on said carrier 'meshing with one'of said piiiions- 'on thej layshaft, a #phir'ality of rotary annular wheel's; one meshingwith said intennediate' idle wheel" ,and the others each meshing wi th o'ne 'of the pinions onth-layshaft, and-means for selectively. arresting and freeing saidrotaryannular wheels and rotary carrier for the purpose A of effecting:

7 speed changes between the 'input and output 2. A-change speed gear comprising an input shaft, an output shaft and a layshaft, a sunwheel fixed on the input shaft, a sunwheelfixed on the output shaft and a plurality of pinions fixed on the layshaft, each of said sunwheels meshing with one of said pinions on the layshaft, a rotary carrier in which said layshaft is journalled, an intermediate idle wheel on said carrier meshing with one of said'pinionson the layshaft, a plurality of rotary annular wheels, one meshing with said intermediate idle wheel and the others each meshing with one of the pinions on the layshaft, and means for selectively arresting and freeing said rotary annular wheels and rotary carrier for the purpose of effecting; s eed achanges :between'; -andi outpirti shafts, meansa'ior: moving; the, output sunwheel axially from engagementawitlr az'pin-zt ion: on the zlayshaftqinto enga ement: with; said intermediate; idle: =-piniun-';-fi0r purposevof efl'ecting a'reversal the'zrotatiorr of. the output shaft.relativelyto that, of the. input shafts mhange: speed: gear; comprising an shafttzan output shaft and a il'aysha'ftg a'e suri shaft, i-aerotary carrier in' whiclr saidlaysh aftis jam-nailed; mtermediateuidle wheel .on. said carrier-meshing with .one'; of pinions, on the layshaft; auapluralityofirotary annularvwheelsi one meshingwith said intermediate idle wheel and; thel'others each'fmeshingwith one f the: pinions zlomther layshaft,-and; means for selectively" arresting and: freeing 1 rotary annular .wheels and rotary' carriensfor the spurpose of effecting sspeed: changes betweemithe input and cutpot:.shafts,;*a'nd:mcans .Ior; moyin'g' thei output sunwheeh axially; into simultaneous: engagement? ing-the gear wheelsi 'and effecting-1a direct drive;

- 4 Aishangespeedgear astspecified 2,:having:--.av driving :clutchi for the inputshaft;v m'eansvfor engaging and "disengaging said driv-f -;ing-clutch randimeana for locldsng :and unlocks ingz saiddnput shaftxtotand from :the: rotary ,car-g rich when.:-saididrivingxclutch; disengaged; and

engaged respectively;.zwaag:

555A; changerspeed gear; as specified-inrclaim with :a; onwthenlayshaft,-.=and 'withx'said: I intermediate idleipinio'n; forz the purpose of. lock-1,

3,- having, a driving c-lntch' for; the? input shaft, means forgengaging disengagingfzsaidi driver ,clut'ch; :andrmeans": for I locking and: ing' said ,input shaft: I to; and. from ,the I rotary 7 carrier xwhenp said driving: clutch; is

' and engaged, respectivelml: i

GL'JA change :speedr. gear, comprising; an"

shaftg'ari ozutput shaft :and 1a. 'laysh'aft; a.

wheel=fixed on the '2 input shaft; 9.; sunwheel:.lfixed on the output shattaandsaarypluralitypof pinions;

fixed =1 the. layshaftaieaclr .of'w 'saids; sunwheels meshing ,with "one.:.:ofs said: ,pinionst"; on the lay;- shaft, asrotary'. carrierisiniwhichsaid layshaftia jonrnalled; am intermediate idlewheeb on; said carrier-meshing witlrione of.saidipinionmonlthe; layshaft; azpluralit'y of: rotaryeannular v-wheelsz' one s smeshingxwitln'saidi intermediate: idle: wheel;

and: the othersseach; meshing. ,withj one; of; the;

om'the =layshaft,: andqmeans-for 'se'lec'e'z tively arrestingrand' freeing saidrotary annular; wheels .:and wrotaryqcarrien .liOIi the: purpose :of: effecting; speed changes; between the input. and; output shafts,;meansfor moving theioutputysum; wheel. oaxially into selective engagement with; said-intermediate idle :whee'lj; andzsaid i'pinionsvom out they: layshaft,ziifalndriving ac hrtch, forthminput;

rotary carrier, mechanism for operating said driving clutch'and said locking means, means shaft, means for locking said inputpshaftatdsaidi operation and also for setting said regulating means, and means operatively connected to the driving clutch operating mechanismfor actuating said regulating meansand said output sun- 11.-'A- change "speed gear'comprising an input wheel axial moving means when said driving clutch is re-engaged.

I 7. An epicyclic-change speed gear having a plurality of rotarymembers, each having sets of ratchet teeth of opposite'hand'on their peripheries, a pair of? pivoted pawls for engagement with the ratchet teeth of each rotary member, springs formoving said pawls into engagement with saidv ratchet teeth, a rotary cam member for disengagingsaid pawls against theaction of said springs,. and means for selectively setting said pawls for/operation,- comprising a disc for each pair of pawlsg'an extension on each pawl having a tooth for; engagement with the periphcry of its appropriate disc, said periphery having a slot forthe reception of saidtooth topermit of said pawl moving into an operative position, and mean for oscillating saiddiscs. and means for indicating the'setting of 'saiddiscs;

8. A change speed gear comprising an input shaft, an output shaft and a layshaft, a sun-y Wheel fixed on saidinput shaft, a sunwheellfixed on said output'shaft, a plurality of pinions,

fixed on said layshaft, said sunwheels each meshing with one of said pinions, a rotary carrier in whichsaid layshaft is journalled, an idle intermediaterpinionjournalled in said carrer and meshing'fwith one of theipinions on the layshaft, a plurality of I annular wheels, onemesh ing with said-idle pinion and the others each.

meshing with one pinion on the. layshaft, means for selectively arresting and freeing saidcarrier and said annular' wheels, for the purpose of effecting speed changes, -a propeller'shaft.

connection, andwmeans for selectively connecting'said-output shaft and said rotary'carrier' to saidpropeller 'shaft connection either singly orzsimultaneously, forthe purposes ofeffecting, respectively, forward driving at various speeds,

reverse driving "and direct fo'rward driving of said propellerconnections. a

9. A changezspeed gearas specified in claim 8,.having a clutch between-the input shaft and the rotary carriensubstantially as and forthe purpose hereinbeforeset forths 10. Aachang'e speedigear comprising aninput shaft, an output'shaft and a layshaft, a sun=-* wheel fixed on the inputshaft, a sunwheel fixed on the output shaft and a plurality of'pinions fixed on the layshaft, each of said sunwheels meshing with "oneof .said pinionson the layshaft, a rotary carrier in which said layshaft is journalled, anintermediateidle wheel on said carrier meshing with one of said pinions on the layshaft, a plurality of rotary toothed wheels, one meshing withsaid intermediate .idle wheel andv the others "each meshing with one, of the pinions on thelayshaft, and means for selectively arresting and freeing said rotary toothed wheels and rotary carrier for thepurpose of effecting speed changes between the input and output shafts. I

is journalled, an intermediate idle wheel on said carrier meshing with one'of said pinions on the layshaft, a plurality of rotary toothed wheels, one, meshing with said: intermediate idle wheelyandthe-others each meshing. with one of the pinions on the 1ayshaft,:-and means for selectively arresting andiqfreeingsaid rotary toothed wheels and rotary carrier for the purpose of,

effecting speed changes between the inputand outputishafts, and'means for moving the output sunwheel axially from-engagement with a pinion onthe layshaftinto driving connection with said intermediate, idle pinion for the purpose of, effecting areversalgin the rotation of the, output shaft relatively to that of :the input.

shaft;

12..A change speed gear comprising aninput shaft, an. output shaft and-a layshaft, a sunwheel fixed on theinput shaft,ra sunwheel fixed,

on the output shaft and a plurality of pinions fixed on ,the ,layshaft; each, of said sunwheels meshing with one ofssaid pinions on the layshaft, a rotary carrier in which said layshaftv is ,journalled, an intermediate idle wheel on. said carrier meshing 'with one :of said pinions on the layshaft, a'plurality of rotary toothed wheels, one meshingwith said-intermediate idle wheel and" the otherseach-meshing. with one of the pinions on the -layshaft, and, means for selectively arresting. and. freeing said, rotary toothed wheels and rotary carrier for thepurpose of effecting speed changes between the input and output shafts, and means for moving, the output sunwheel axially into simultaneous driving connection with-a pinion on the layshaft and with said intermediate idle pinion for the purpose of locking thegearwheelsand effecting a direct drive.

' '13.=;A change speed geanpomprising an input, sunwheel; anoutput sunwheel and alayshaft,- arotarycarrier in which said layshaft is :jour- V naled,,pinions fixed on'said layshaft, each-of,

said sunwheels meshing with one of said pin ions,. an intermediate idle wheel on the rotary shaft meshing with one of the pinions on the layshaft,- a plurality of rotary w annular wheels, one meshing with said intermediate idle wheel and the others each meshing with one of the pinions on the layshaft, and;means for selectively arresting and freeing said rotary annularwheels for effecting V-speedchanges between the;

input-and .output'sunwheels.

, ALEC CHARLES CLAYTON, 

